The Olympic stadium and village area was built to accommodate the Mediterranean Games in 1967. La Tunisie n’est pas densément peuplée. On 7 May 1943, at about 15:30 in the afternoon, Tunis fell to troops of British 1st Army and the U.S. 1st Army, which had defeated the German 5th Panzer Army guarding the city. M. Th Houtsma, First Encyclopaedia of Islam: 1913–1936, BRILL, 1987 p.839, Albert Habib Hourani, Malise Ruthven (2002). [2][3] Some scholars claim that it originated from Tynes, which was mentioned by Diodorus Siculus and Polybius in the course of descriptions of a location resembling present-day Al-Kasbah; Tunis's old Berber village. In 1228, Governor Abu Zakariya seized power and, a year later, took the title of Emir and founded the Hafsid dynasty. The city had the natural advantage of coastal access, via the Mediterranean, to the major ports of southern Europe. Population Pyramids: Tunisia - 2006. Local opposition to the authorities began to intensify in September 945, when Kharijite insurgents occupied Tunis, resulting in general pillaging. Lire la suite. With the development of the capital under the reign of the Hafsids, two emerging suburbs grew outside the walls; Bab El Jazira in the south and Bab Souika to the north. [74] The first screenings were held the following year and the first cinema, the Omnia Pathé, opened in October 1908. In 2007 that increased to 6 million passengers with a rise in tourism to the city.[83]. From the beginning of the 8th century Tunis was the chef-lieu of the area: it became the Arabs' naval base in the western Mediterranean Sea, and took on considerable military importance. Electricity generation from wind power strongly increased Sea breezes may mitigate the heat, but sometimes the sirocco winds reverse the trend. The Théâtre municipal de Tunis, opened on 20 November 1902, showcases opera, ballet, symphonic concerts, drama, etc. In 2017, Tunisia’s population was estimated at 11.53 million, according to UN data, with an almost equal split between males (49.40 per cent) and females (50.60 per cent), or 97.6 males for every 100 females.. Recorded history in Tunisia begins with the arrival of Phoenicians, who founded Carthage and other North African settlements in the 8th century B.C. Imen Haouari, « Pluies torrentielles sur la capitale ». The sunshine becomes dominant in May when it reaches 10 hours a day on average. During World War II, Tunis was held by Axis forces from November 1942 to May 1943. On the stage of this theater, many performances are regularly given by Tunisian, Arabic and international actors. 6- La capitale connaît le plus important flux migratoire, puisqu’elle concentre 20% de la population totale, pour seulement 2% de la superficie totale du pays. Taking advantage of divisions within the ruling house, Algerians captured Tunis in 1756 and put the country under supervision. In 1990, Ferid Boughedir shot the notable film Halfaouine Child of the Terraces in Halfaouine district. The population development of Jemmal as well as related information and services (Wikipedia, Google, images). It worked on promoting Arab music, on music education and training, and on cooperation with various partners both in Tunisia and abroad. [64][65], Greeks used to enjoy an important presence in the city since ancient times. Actuelle de la population, les naissances et les décès aujourd'hui et au cours de l'année, la migration nette et la croissance démographique. [27] The city expanded and created new boulevards and neighborhoods. A regional gymnastics competition was held in Tunis in 1912 with the participation of thousands of French gymnasts. Southwest of the Medina, on the crest of the hills across the Isthmus of Tunis, is the Montfleury district then on down to the foothills of Séjoumi, the poor neighborhood of Mellassine. Countries are listed in alphabetical order. While there are a few ancient translations of Punic texts into Greek and Latin, as well as inscriptions on monuments and buildings discovered in Northwest Africa,[8] the main sources are Greek and Roman historians, including Livy, Polybius, Appian, Cornelius Nepos, Silius Italicus, Plutarch, Dio Cassius, and Herodotus. En 1853, un observateur avance le chiffre de 800.000 habitants (2). [85] The capital is home to approximately 40% of the cars in Tunisia, with 700,000 cars on average used in the city per day. In summer, rain is almost completely absent and the sunlight is at a maximum. Tunisia's population was estimated to be around 11.6 million in mid-2019. Among the places of worship are Beit Yaacouv Synagogue and especially the Great Synagogue of Tunis, built at the end of the 1940s to replace the former Great Synagogue which was demolished as part of the Jewish redevelopment area, the Hara. Located in an old beylical palace (the palace of the Bey of Tunis since the end of the 18th century), the Bardo National Museum (Tunis) is the most important archaeological museum in the Maghreb, and has one of the richest Roman mosaic collections in the world. Other arts are also represented in the capital. Housed in a former home of a Hafsid scholar, the library of the Khaldounia was founded in 1896 along with the creation of the educational institution. La population du district représente 24 % de la population totale, et vit sur un territoire ne dépassant pas 2 % de la superficie du pays [24]. Defined as died within 30 days of crash. Before 2011, unlike other mayors in Tunisia, the mayor of Tunis is appointed by decree of the President of the Republic from among the members of the City Council. Having become an Ottoman province governed by a Pasha who was appointed by the Sultan based in Constantinople, the country attained a degree of autonomy. Arabic is the official language of the country, while French is used as a language for management and business. The main palace beys are those of La Marsa, Bardo and Ksar Said. Decolonization led to the exodus of some European minorities whose numbers dwindled every year. It also changes the name of El Kef governorate to Kef ... Population: 2004-04-28 census. Bab Souika (initially known as Bab El Saqqayin) had a strategic role to keep the roads to Bizerte, Béja and Le Kef. The growing metropolitan area is served by an extensive network of public transportation including buses, an above-ground light rail system (le Metro), as well a regional train line (the TGM) that links the city centre to its closest northern suburbs. World Population Prospects: 2019 Revision. miles). In addition, groundwater is easily accessible through the drilling of deep wells, providing water for the different agriculture crops. Exposed to violence from the hostile tribes that settled around the city, the population of Tunis repudiated the authority of the Zirids and swore allegiance to the Hammadid prince El Nacer ibn Alennas, who was based in Béjaïa, in 1059. This indicator shows the number of people that usually live in an area. 10 millions 982 mille 754, c'est le nombre d'habitants que compte la Tunisie, y compris les étrangers résidant en Tunisie durant une période de 6 mois au So an annual average increase is estimated to 1.03% relative to the population in 2004 (9 910.9 miles residents). In autumn, it begins to rain, often with short thunderstorms, which can sometimes cause flash floods or even flood some parts of the city. As of 2004, the population is 73,953. This is where the Belvedere Park lies, the largest in the city, and home to a zoo and the Pasteur Institute founded by Adrien Loir in 1893. Students can pursue language studies at small private schools such as Sidi Bou Said Centre for Languages (Centre Sidi Bou Said de Langues et d'Informatique) in the picturesque Tunis suburb of Sidi Bou Said, next to the Sidi Bou Said TGM station that specializes in Arabic, offering classes in Modern Standard Arabic (MSA), classical Arabic, Tunisian Arabic and the various dialects of North Africa, the Gulf and the Levant. However, between 1994 and 2004, the population of the governorate of Tunis grew more than 1.03% per annum. Bab Cartagena gave access to Carthage, important for bringing in construction materials needed for the city. Please update this article to reflect recent events or newly available information. Founded in 1964, much of the festival is held in an old amphitheater of Carthage (with a capacity of 7,500 seats), and hosts the performances of singers, musicians, actors, dancers and films on display on outdoor screens. It is still surrounded with farmland and vegetables are grown which supply many of the souks in the region. Among the priority lines were: Tunis-Borj Cédria (23 km) where modernization and electrification are already planned; Tunis-Mohamedia-Fouchana (19.4 km); Tunis-Manouba-Mnihla (19.2 km); Tunis-Ezzouhour-Sidi Hassine Séjoumi (13.9 km). The incident has been treated as a terrorist attack.[33][34]. ", J. Gordon Melton, Martin Baumann, ‘‘Religions of the World: A Comprehensive Encyclopedia of Beliefs and Practices’’, ABC-CLIO, USA, 2010, p. 2898. [9], Ruins of the Baths of Antoninus in Carthage, The Lady of Carthage mosaic, one of the major surviving pieces of Byzantine art in modern Tunisia, Tunis was originally a Berber settlement. Tunis is the heartland of the Tunisian economy and is the industrial and economic hub of the country, home to one third of Tunisian companies—including almost all the head offices of companies with more than fifty employees, with the exception of the Compagnie des Phosphates de Gafsa, headquartered in Gafsa—and produces a third of the national gross domestic product. Administrative Division. After independence, the Tunisian government implemented a plan to cope with population growth of the city and country, a system of family planning, to attempt to lower the rate of population growth. Tunis is the headquarters of the Greek Orthodox Holy Archdiocese of Carthage with jurisdiction over Algeria, Mauritania, Morocco, and Tunisia. Only the Bey of Tunis refused to comply, with the result that Blake's fifteen ships attacked the Bey's arsenal at Porto Farina (Ghar el Melh), destroying nine Algerian ships and two shore batteries, the first time in naval warfare that shore batteries had been eliminated without landing men ashore. [31] Twenty civilians and one policeman were killed in the attack, while around 50 others were injured. [70] This group contributed to the rise to stardom of numerous Tunisian singers, including Oulaya. The new building contains a reading room, conference room, laboratories, an exhibition gallery, a block of technical and administrative services, a restaurant, a parking and green space areas. Both gunmen were killed by Tunisian police. « Grand Prix historique de Tunis : un rendez-vous magique », Statistiques du sport en Tunisie (Ministère de la jeunesse, des sports et de l'éducation physique), "أخبار تونس: آخر الأخبار الوطنية والجهوية على راديو موزاييك", Coopération internationale (Municipalité de Tunis), "Acordos de Geminação, de Cooperação e/ou Amizade da Cidade de Lisboa", The Municipality of Tunis official website, Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha, An unrecognised or partially-recognised nation, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Tunis&oldid=998877192, Mediterranean port cities and towns in Tunisia, Populated places established in the 2nd millennium BC, Articles with French-language sources (fr), Short description is different from Wikidata, Pages using infobox settlement with possible demonym list, Official website different in Wikidata and Wikipedia, Articles containing potentially dated statements from 2020, All articles containing potentially dated statements, Articles with unsourced statements from November 2013, Wikipedia articles in need of updating from August 2017, All Wikipedia articles in need of updating, Articles needing additional references from January 2009, All articles needing additional references, Articles containing potentially dated statements from 2006, Articles needing additional references from March 2015, Articles with Arabic-language sources (ar), Wikipedia articles with MusicBrainz area identifiers, Wikipedia articles with SELIBR identifiers, Wikipedia articles with WORLDCATID identifiers, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, Source 1: Institut National de la Météorologie (precipitation days/humidity/sun 1961–1990), This page was last edited on 7 January 2021, at 12:33. [35] The city is located at the crossroads of a narrow strip of land between Lake Tunis and Séjoumi. Other indicators visualized on maps: (In English only, for now) Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15-19) During the Almohad and Hafsid periods Tunis was one of the richest and grandest cities in the Islamic world, with a population of about 100,000. The Musical Troupe of the City of Tunis was created in 1954 by Salah El Mahdi. [87] The city has also held the Mediterranean Games twice, in 1967 and 2001, and the international tennis tournament, the Tunis Open, which is included in the ATP Challenger Series. [53] The urban unemployment rate of university graduates is increasing and the illiteracy rate remains high among the elderly (27% of women and 12% of men). Tunis and its suburbs have many of the major Tunisian universities including the University of Tunis, Tunisia Private University, University of Ez-Zitouna, the University of Tunis – El Manar, the University of Carthage and the Manouba University. At the same time, an active policy of industrialization is developing the municipal economy. It is now the subject of a redevelopment project including the construction of twin towers. Acquired in the late 1970s by the municipality of Tunis, the house was restored in 1983 into a library.[78]. At the beginning of the 18th century, Tunisia entered into a new period in its history with the advent of the Husainid dynasty. A new mass transit was planned for Greater Tunis in 2009. [82] The plan was for lines based on certain criteria such as population density and the lack of coverage for a given area. [63] This includes a network of Catholic buildings, including the Church of St. Joan of Arc, but also with the Protestant Reformed Church and the Anglican church Saint-Georges. Kasserine, town in west-central Tunisia. From the early days of its founding, Tunis has been considered an important military base. All three variations were mentioned by the Greek-Syrian geographer al-Rumi Yaqout in his Mu'jam al-Bûldan (Dictionary of Countries). Our Privacy Statement & Cookie Policy. Some of the fortifications around it have now largely disappeared, and it is flanked by the two suburbs of Bab Souika to the north and Bab El Jazira to the south. Today, each district has its culture and rivalries can be strong. population in the education, training, health and employment. The gaps created by their departure were filled by Tunisians who emigrated to Tunis from other parts of the country. The economic structure of Tunis, as well as that of the country, is overwhelmingly tertiary industry.
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