After independence, in the 1960s, the National Board of Seaports, which supports all ports in the country, modernized the infrastructure of the port of Tunis. However, between 1994 and 2004, the population of the governorate of Tunis grew more than 1.03% per annum. The medina contains most of the major mosques in the capital which were built before the advent of the French protectorate. This indicator shows the number of people that usually live in an area. In addition, private training institutes include the Open University of Tunis, the Central University Private Business Administration and Technology, the Graduate School of Private Engineering and Technology, and the North African Institute of Economics and Technology. This resulted in the first demolition of the old city walls, from 1860, to accommodate growth in the suburbs. [26] The crafts and traditional trades declined somewhat, as the newcomers increased trade with Europe, introducing the first modern industries and new forms of urban life. Tunis is the transcription of the Arabic name تونس which can be pronounced as "Tūnus", "Tūnas", or "Tūnis". The spatial distribution of population density in 2004 based on country total adjusted to match the corresponding UNPD estimate, Tunisia The Ottoman Uluç Ali Reis, at the head of an army of janissaries and Kabyles, retook Tunis in 1569. The Tunis area is served by the métro léger (Ar. Souk El Berka leads to Souk El Leffa, a souk that sells many carpets, blankets and other weavings, and extends with the Souk Es Sarragine, built in the early 18th century and specializing in leather. Tunis has some of the most important libraries in Tunisia including the National Library of Tunisia which was first installed in 1924 in the Medina, in a building built in 1810 by Hammouda Bey to serve as barracks for troops and then a jail. The group is made up of 22 members, both instrumental players and choral musicians.[69]. The present study attempts to delineate the spectrum of beta-thalassemia (thal) mutations in Tunisia by studying a large population from different parts of the country. [32] Five Japanese, two Colombians, and visitors from Italy, Poland, and Spain were among the dead. Name Native Status Population Census 2004-04-28 Population Census 2014-04-23; Jemmal [Jammel] In 1955 he placed his student Mohamed Saâda in charge of the ensemble, which at that time included the best artists, and later merged with the ensemble of Radio Tunis. The 2005 World Championship final for men in team handball was played in Tunis. The Museum of the National Movement is situated in Dar Maâkal Az-Zaïm, which was the residence of nationalist Habib Bourguiba for the entirety of the fight for independence. Cette dernière est construite sur ordre du souverain Romdhane Bey en 1696 pour y inhumer la dépouille de sa mère d'origine italienne et de culte protestant. So an annual average increase is estimated to 1.03% relative to the population in 2004 (9 910.9 miles residents). Population is defined as all nationals present in, or temporarily absent from a country, and aliens permanently settled in a country. The population of Tunisia is primarily of Berber ancestral origin (>60%). The population development of Jemmal as well as related information and services (Wikipedia, Google, images). After independence in 1956, Tunis consolidated its role as the capital, first with the establishment of a constitution stating that the Chamber of Deputies and the Presidency of the Republic must have their headquarters in Tunis and its suburbs. In addition, groundwater is easily accessible through the drilling of deep wells, providing water for the different agriculture crops. The city became the capital of a Hafsid kingdom stretching towards Tripoli and Fez. In his travel account, when Ibn Battuta and his group arrived in Tunis, the population of the city came out to meet him and the other the members of his party. In 1270 the city was taken briefly by Louis IX of France, who was hoping to convert the Hafsid sovereign to Christianity. [25] During the later 19th century, Tunis became increasingly populated by Europeans, particularly the French, and immigration dramatically increased the size of the city. Hammouda Bey faced bombardment by the Venetian fleet, and the city experienced a rebellion in 1811. Statistiques de la Tunisie. However, urban growth, which is estimated to be increasing by 500 hectares per year, is gradually changing the landscape with urban sprawl. Ainsi, sur un fond berbère, et après avoir assimilé à travers son histoire les Phéniciens, les Romains, les Vandales, les Arabes puis les Maures, les Turcs et les Français, bien qu'il n'existe pas d'étude récente, on estime qu'une grande partie de la population tunisienne se décrit comme arabe et de confessio… In the middle there is a square where the former slave market stood until the middle of the 19th century. Largest Cities in Tunisia CITY NAME The final column shows the female prison population rate per 100,000 of the national population. Bab Menara (initially known as Bab El Artha) opened onto the medina and on the suburb of El Haoua. The 2008 budget adopted by the City Council is structured as follows: 61.61 million dinars for operations and 32,516 million dinars for investment. The south of Tunis is made up of disadvantaged neighborhoods, especially due to the strong industry in this part of the metropolis. Thus, during Agathocles' expedition, which landed at Cape Bon in 310 BC, Tunis changed hands on various occasions. M. Th Houtsma, First Encyclopaedia of Islam: 1913–1936, BRILL, 1987 p.839, Albert Habib Hourani, Malise Ruthven (2002). Al Hamra was one of the most famous theaters in the capital during the 1930s and 1940s. Tunis has some large parks, many of which were installed at the end of the 19th century by the authorities of the French protectorate. [15] The Almohad conquest marked the beginning of the dominance of the city in Tunisia. We do not currently publish estimates of population by ethnicity. [4][5], Another possibility is that it was derived from the Berber verbal root ens which means "to lie down" or "to pass the night". During this period, the city prospered as a centre of commerce. Lire la suite. Products include textiles, carpets, and olive oil. Founded in 698 is the Al-Zaytuna Mosque and the surrounding area which developed throughout the Middle Ages,[57] dividing Tunis into a main town in two suburbs, in the north (Bab Souika) and the south (Bab El Jazira). To punish the Zirids, he unleashed the Banu Hilal Arab tribe on Ifriqiya; a large part of the country was set to the torch, the Zirid capital Kairouan was razed in 1057, and only a few coastal towns, including Tunis and Mahdia, escaped destruction. Welcome to the United Nations. In the economic sphere, commercial activities expanded and diversified as modern industries continued to grow, while traditional industry continued to decline. In addition, various small theatres and cultural centres are scattered throughout the city and display various artistic performances. miles). [9] Greek cities contended with Carthage over Sicily,[10] and the Romans fought three wars against Carthage. The main palace beys are those of La Marsa, Bardo and Ksar Said. In 1159, the Almohad 'Abd al-Mu'min took Tunis, overthrew the last Khurasanid leader and installed a new government in the kasbah of Tunis. [15] Under the Aghlabids, the people of Tunis revolted numerous times,[15] but the city benefited from economic improvements and quickly became the second most important in the kingdom. Tunis is the headquarters of the Greek Orthodox Holy Archdiocese of Carthage with jurisdiction over Algeria, Mauritania, Morocco, and Tunisia. A total of 285 unrelated subjects, 190 of whom had beta-thal major, 72 with Hb S/beta-thal, one with Hb C/beta-thal, one with Hb O- … Bab El Bhar located 7 metres (23 feet) above sea level, Hammouda Pasha Mosque in El Kasbah is located 23 metres (75 feet) above sea level. The Medina contains some 700 monuments, including palaces, mosques, mausoleums, madrasas and fountains dating from the Almohad and the Hafsid periods. Under Articles 43 and 24 of the Constitution of 1959,[46] Tunis and its suburbs host the national institutions: the Presidential Palace, which is known as Carthage Palace, residence of the President of Tunisia, the Chamber of Deputies and the Chamber of Advisors and parliament, the Constitutional Council and the main judicial institutions and public bodies. The first took place on 9 June 1907, between teams from Lycée Alaoui and Lycée Carnot (1–1). With the development of the capital under the reign of the Hafsids, two emerging suburbs grew outside the walls; Bab El Jazira in the south and Bab Souika to the north. According to the first results of the census, the number of residents in Tunisia in 2014 is 10 982.8 thousand people. Tunisia’s population is estimated at 11.72 million according to 2020 estimates. Actuelle de la population, les naissances et les décès aujourd'hui et au cours de l'année, la migration nette et la croissance démographique. It also changes the name of El Kef governorate to Kef ... Population: 2004-04-28 census. [52] However the secondary industry is still very represented and Tunis hosts 85% of industrial establishments in the four governorates, with a trend towards the spread of specialized industrial zones in the suburbs. Revenues are generated by the proceeds of taxes on buildings and vacant lots, fees for the rental of municipal property, income from the operation of the public, advertising, and that the fact that the municipality has capital shares in some companies. It represents, in the 2004 census, 9.9% of the total population of Tunisia. Tunis is the seat of the Diocese of Tunis, with the seat located at the Cathedral of St Vincent de Paul, The church was built in 1897 on the site of the old Christian cemetery of Saint-Antoine. On 7 May 1943, at about 15:30 in the afternoon, Tunis fell to troops of British 1st Army and the U.S. 1st Army, which had defeated the German 5th Panzer Army guarding the city. Located in an old beylical palace (the palace of the Bey of Tunis since the end of the 18th century), the Bardo National Museum (Tunis) is the most important archaeological museum in the Maghreb, and has one of the richest Roman mosaic collections in the world. The terminal had 4.4 million passengers (35.98% of total airport traffic in the country) in 2006. Having previously played a minor role behind Kairouan and Mahdia, Tunis was promoted to the rank of provincial capital. [60] Bab El-Jazeera, perhaps the oldest gate of the south wall, opened onto the southern road. Various sources estimate the 19th-century population to have ranged from 90,000 to 110,000 inhabitants. Following these conflicts, the city finally fell into Ottoman hands in August 1574. Patriarchate of Alexandria and All Africa, Learn how and when to remove this template message, Graduate School of Communications of Tunis, Higher Institute of Technological Studies in Communications of Tunis, List of twin towns and sister cities in Tunisia, European enclaves in North Africa before 1830, "Tunisia: Governorates, Major Cities, Communes & Urban Agglomerations", "The Neo-Punic Inscriptions and Coin Legends", "Carthage – 1960, Page 11 by B. H. Warmington. Housed in a former home of a Hafsid scholar, the library of the Khaldounia was founded in 1896 along with the creation of the educational institution. Some scholars relate it to the Phoenician goddess Tanith ('Tanit or Tanut), as many ancient cities were named after patron deities. After the advent of independence, a museum was built there to relate the details of the national struggle between 1938 and 1952. Cette statistique présente une prévision de l'évolution de la population totale de la Tunisie de 2014 à 2024, en millions d'habitants. « Grand Prix historique de Tunis : un rendez-vous magique », Statistiques du sport en Tunisie (Ministère de la jeunesse, des sports et de l'éducation physique), "أخبار تونس: آخر الأخبار الوطنية والجهوية على راديو موزاييك", Coopération internationale (Municipalité de Tunis), "Acordos de Geminação, de Cooperação e/ou Amizade da Cidade de Lisboa", The Municipality of Tunis official website, Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha, An unrecognised or partially-recognised nation, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Tunis&oldid=998877192, Mediterranean port cities and towns in Tunisia, Populated places established in the 2nd millennium BC, Articles with French-language sources (fr), Short description is different from Wikidata, Pages using infobox settlement with possible demonym list, Official website different in Wikidata and Wikipedia, Articles containing potentially dated statements from 2020, All articles containing potentially dated statements, Articles with unsourced statements from November 2013, Wikipedia articles in need of updating from August 2017, All Wikipedia articles in need of updating, Articles needing additional references from January 2009, All articles needing additional references, Articles containing potentially dated statements from 2006, Articles needing additional references from March 2015, Articles with Arabic-language sources (ar), Wikipedia articles with MusicBrainz area identifiers, Wikipedia articles with SELIBR identifiers, Wikipedia articles with WORLDCATID identifiers, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, Source 1: Institut National de la Météorologie (precipitation days/humidity/sun 1961–1990), This page was last edited on 7 January 2021, at 12:33. [64][65], Greeks used to enjoy an important presence in the city since ancient times. The incident has been treated as a terrorist attack.[33][34]. Students can pursue language studies at small private schools such as Sidi Bou Said Centre for Languages (Centre Sidi Bou Said de Langues et d'Informatique) in the picturesque Tunis suburb of Sidi Bou Said, next to the Sidi Bou Said TGM station that specializes in Arabic, offering classes in Modern Standard Arabic (MSA), classical Arabic, Tunisian Arabic and the various dialects of North Africa, the Gulf and the Levant. Before 2011, unlike other mayors in Tunisia, the mayor of Tunis is appointed by decree of the President of the Republic from among the members of the City Council. Some of the fortifications around it have now largely disappeared, and it is flanked by the two suburbs of Bab Souika to the north and Bab El Jazira to the south. This decision infuriated the Shi'ite caliph Al-Mustansir Billah. The governorates as well as all cities and communes in Tunisia. The project is going through planning. Jewish Population 1948: 105,000 | 2019: 1,000 1. [81] A new mass transit was planned for Greater Tunis in 2009. Arabs constitute 98% of the total population, Europeans constitute 1% and Jews and others account for 1%. Its collections developed rapidly, thanks to numerous archaeological discoveries in the surrounding territory. North of the Avenue Bourguiba is the district of La Fayette, which is still home to the Great Synagogue of Tunis and the Habib Thameur Gardens, built on the site of an ancient Jewish cemetery which lay outside the walls. In addition to some 200 bus routes, the first light rail line opened in 1985. To traditional industry and trade with distant lands was added the activity of the Barbary pirates, then in their golden age. Film producers and cinema have long been present in the city of Tunis. [71] The National Theatre of Tunisia is an important public enterprise in Tunis,[72] and since 1988 been located in the Khaznadar palace (dating from the middle of the 19th century and situated in the Halfaouine quarter), renamed "Theater Palace." It was their last base in Africa, as they retreated towards Sicily after being surrounded by Allied forces from Algeria to the west and from Libya to the east. The creation of the French protectorate in 1881 was a turning point in Tunis's history, leading to rapid redevelopment of the city in the span of two to three decades. Charles, suffering losses from the corsairs operating out of Djerba, Tunis, and Algiers, agreed to reinstate Mulai Hassan in exchange for his acceptance of Spanish suzerainty. En 1853, un observateur avance le chiffre de 800.000 habitants (2). To the west of the park lies the district of El Omrane which holds the main Muslim cemetery in the capital and the warehouses of public transport. Both gunmen were killed by Tunisian police. Using an expenditure threshold of US$ 5.50 per-day, the number of poor and of those vulnerable to poverty is expected to increase from 16.6% to 22% of the total population. Between 1928 and 1955 the city hosted nine rounds of the Grand Prix of Tunis, where notable drivers such as Marcel Lehoux, Achille Varzi, Tazio Nuvolari and Rudolf Caracciola took part. (mid-2011 estimates) Below is the area and population of each country. [15][18] With the rise of the Zirid dynasty Tunis gained importance, but the Sunni population tolerated Shi'ite rule less and less, and carried out massacres against the Shi'ite community. En 1844, le recensement de l'Empire ottoman attribue à la Tunisie une population de 950.000 habitants (1). These form a large percentage of the population of the Tunis metropolitan area. At the time, the Sultan of Tunis was Abu Yahya and during Ibn Battuta's stay, the Festival of the Breaking of the Fast was taking place. This went on for a while until one of the pilgrims realized he was upset, he went up and greeted and talked to Ibn until he entered the city. [50] This steady growth was accompanied by changes which affected the nature of the settlement of the capital. [86] The main roads to other Tunisian cities include: Autoroute A1, Tunis-Sfax; Autoroute A3, Tunis-Oued Zarga; and Autoroute A4, Tunis-Bizerte. Area: Area of Manouba is included in Ariana. The planning of the Medina of Tunis has the distinction of not grid lines or formal geometric compositions. After the war, the city faced new transformations as the modern portion grew in importance and extended its network of boulevards and streets in all directions. During World War II, Tunis was held by Axis forces from November 1942 to May 1943. These ancient buildings include: With an area of 270 hectares (over 29 hectares for the Kasbah)[57] and more than 100,000 people, the Medina comprises one-tenth of the population of Tunis. In addition, the TGM will be integrated into the light-rail network and a new line built around Ayn Zaghouan and Bhar Lazrag (8.4 km). The Tunisian Symphony Orchestra, created in 1969 by the Minister of Culture, has also produced monthly concerts at the Municipal Theater and in various cultural spaces in the city. Voir toutes les cartes Une démocratie difficile à construire. [16] The medina of Tunis, the oldest section of the city, dates from this period, during which the region was conquered by the Umayyad emir Hasan ibn al-Nu'man al-Ghasani. The important transport authorities are the Société des Transports de Tunis (STT)[80] and the Ministry of Transport (Airports) Tunis is the heartland of the Tunisian economy and is the industrial and economic hub of the country, home to one third of Tunisian companies—including almost all the head offices of companies with more than fifty employees, with the exception of the Compagnie des Phosphates de Gafsa, headquartered in Gafsa—and produces a third of the national gross domestic product. The city is the largest financial center in the country hosting the headquarters of 65% of financial companies – while the industrial sectors are gradually declining in importance. The average temperatures in the summer months of June, July, August, and September are very high. [82] The plan was for lines based on certain criteria such as population density and the lack of coverage for a given area. Winter is the wettest season of the year, when more than a third of the annual rainfall falls during this period, raining on average every two or three days. The architectural heritage is also omnipresent in the homes of individuals and small palace officials as well as in the palace of the sovereign of Kasbah. La population tunisienne est estimée à 11,82 millions d’habitants en 2020, contre 9,56 millions en 2000. The Théâtre municipal de Tunis, opened on 20 November 1902, showcases opera, ballet, symphonic concerts, drama, etc. The Medina also has a social sectorization: with the neighborhood of Tourbet el Bey and the Kasbah district being aristocratic, with a population of judges and politicians, while the streets of Pacha often being military and bourgeois. This is where the Belvedere Park lies, the largest in the city, and home to a zoo and the Pasteur Institute founded by Adrien Loir in 1893. Elle est gérée par l'ambassade du Royaume-Uni à Tunis. Recorded history in Tunisia begins with the arrival of Phoenicians, who founded Carthage and other North African settlements in the 8th century B.C. Growth rates are the annual changes in population resulting from births, deaths and … On the expenditure side, provision is made for the consolidation of hygiene and cleanliness, the state of the environment and urban design, infrastructure maintenance, rehabilitation and renovation of facilities, and strengthening the logistics and means of work and transport.[48]. While there are a few ancient translations of Punic texts into Greek and Latin, as well as inscriptions on monuments and buildings discovered in Northwest Africa,[8] the main sources are Greek and Roman historians, including Livy, Polybius, Appian, Cornelius Nepos, Silius Italicus, Plutarch, Dio Cassius, and Herodotus. Department of Economic and Social Affairs Population Dynamics. Tunis, capital and largest city of Tunisia, on the northern African coast, between the western and eastern basins of the Mediterranean Sea. The generally flat terrain and the two main rivers in Tunisia, the Medjerda to the north and the Milian to the south, the soils are fertile. The growing metropolitan area is served by an extensive network of public transportation including buses, an above-ground light rail system (le Metro), as well a regional train line (the TGM) that links the city centre to its closest northern suburbs. These include Jebel Jelloud, located in the south-east of Tunis, which concentrates on the heavy industry of cement production, the treatment plant of phosphate s, etc.
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